Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic changes in Non-Hemodialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Abstract Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients have a higher risk of cardiovascular manifestations such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in patients with advanced CKD, rather than end-stage kidney disease itself. Essentially, CKD speeds up the ageing process in the cardiovascular system. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular abnormalities in non-hemodialysis CKD patients. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, was conducted in the Department of Medicine, between October 2020 to September 2022. A total of 50 CKD patients were included. The patients were evaluated & enrolled in the study, based on history, general physical examination, systemic examination, Blood Urea, Serum Creatinine, Urine Routine, Electrocardiograph (ECG) and Echocardiography. Results: In the present study Electrocardiograph & echocardiography determined cardiovascular abnormalities in 68% of patients. Among these 50% of patients had Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) & Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction (LVDD), 8% of patients had Arrhythmias and 6% patients had conduction abnormality, 2% patients had LVH and 2% patients had LVDD. Conclusion: LVH & LVDD are the most common morphological abnormalities observed in our study. We can diagnose Arrhythmias and conduction abnormality by electrocardiogram & echocardiography and refer them for appropriate interventions promptly.