Abstract

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films are widely used in sensors for their wide response frequency, good flexibility, low acoustic impedance, and chemical stability. In this work, PVDF/CaCl2 piezoelectric films were prepared by an electro-assisted 3D printing method and used to form a multi-layer composite film sensor. The study found that the addition of CaCl2 can effectively increase the β-phase content in the PVDF film and improve the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the PVDF composite film sensors. When the content of CaCl2 is 0.15 wt.%, the β-phase content of the PVDF/CaCl2 composite film can reach the highest value of up to 48.47%, and the output voltage response of the sensor is 0.62 V at an input frequency of 10 Hz, 10 V voltage. The output voltage of PVDF composite film sensor with two and three layers is 1.306 and 1.693 times that of a single layer, respectively. The sensitivity of the multi-layer sensors has also been greatly improved.

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