Abstract
Cancer has been one of the leading causes of human death for centuries. Magnetic hyperthermia is a promising technique to confine and control cancers. However, particles used in magnetic hyperthermia leaking from where the cancers are located could compromise human health. Therefore, we developed electroactive iron oxide/block copolymer composites to tackle the leakage problem. Experimental results show that oleylamine-modified magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) particles and electroactive tetraaniline (TA) could be templated in the self-assembled microstructures of sulfonated [styrene-b-(ethylene-ran-butylene)-b-styrene] (S-SEBS) block copolymers. Various amounts of Fe3O4 particles and TA oligomer were incorporated in S-SEBS block copolymer and their electroactive behavior was confirmed by exhibiting two pairs of well-defined anodic and cathodic current peaks in cyclic voltammetry tests. The heating performance of the resultant TA/Fe3O4/polymer composites improved on increasing the added amount of Fe3O4 particles and TA oligomers. Both Fe3O4 and TA can contribute to improved heating performance, but Fe3O4 possesses a greater contribution than TA does. Hence, the main source for increasing the composites’ temperature is Neel relaxation loss from Fe3O4 magnetic particles.
Highlights
Cancer has a major impact on human society across the world and researchers are exploring new strategies to control and manage cancer
Oleylamine (OAM) is a long-chain primary alkylamine, which has shown its capability as a solvent, surfactant, and reducing agent for synthesizing nanoparticles with desired morphology and composition [29]
We utilized OAM acting as a stabilizing agent to synthesize magnetic iron oxide with nanoparticles the additionwith of 15narrow mmolsize oleylamine surfactant is nanoscale with narrow size distribution, as distribution
Summary
Cancer has a major impact on human society across the world and researchers are exploring new strategies to control and manage cancer. The major challenge in magnetic cancer therapy using magnetic nanoparticles involves developing particle/polymer composites with controllable particle distribution so that the heating performance is predictable and reproducible [18]. These blocks are thermodynamically incompatible so that they tend to phase-separate to different morphologies including spheres, hexagonally arranged columns, a gyroid phase, and a lamellar phase [20] These ordered nanostructures could be utilized to incorporate nanoparticles and control particle distribution and orientation precisely, enabling the development of nanocomposites with improved properties including magnetic, mechanical, optical, electrical, or barrier properties [21]. We demonstrate a new strategy that utilizing a block copolymer enables magnetic polymer composites to have controllable particle distribution, which can tackle the particle aggregation problem for magnetic cancer therapy. The electroactive tetraaniline (TA) was introduced in S-SEBS block copolymers to study its contribution to cancer hyperthermia therapy
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