Abstract
We report the first experimental demonstration of electrically controlled Solc-type optical wavelength filters and TE-TM mode converters based on Ti-diffused periodically poled lithium niobate (Ti:PPLN) waveguides. A maximum mode conversion efficiency or a peak spectral transmittance of ~99% in the telecom C-L bands was obtained from a 9-mm long, 21.5-21.8-mum multiple-grating Ti:PPLN waveguide device with a switching voltage of as low as 22 V or 0.99 Vxd(mum)/L(cm), where d is the electrode separation and L is the electrode length. The spectral range of this device can be tuned by temperature at a rate of ~0.758 nm/ degrees C.
Highlights
Optical wavelength filtering and polarization mode conversion in an optical waveguide system are two essential functions of an optical signal processing or communication system
We extended our previous effort to the designing and implementing of highly efficient Šolc-type optical wavelength filters in EO Ti-diffused periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) (Ti:PPLN) waveguides in the telecom C-L bands
E y along the crystallographic y axis, the perturbed part of the dielectric tensor of the crystal becomes periodic along the x direction, because the relevant Pockels coefficient r51 changes its sign in opposite PPLN domains, given by
Summary
Optical wavelength filtering and polarization mode conversion in an optical waveguide system are two essential functions of an optical signal processing or communication system. In contemporary optical fiber communication systems, wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) has become a popular technique for achieving high capacity data transmission. Šolc filters [1] are a kind of narrowband birefringence filter whose spectral transmission characteristics can be angle or electro-optically tuned via a prescribed phase-retardation-matching condition related to the crystal birefringence. This phase-matching condition can be satisfied by using finger-type or interdigital electrodes to periodically modulate the relevant electro-optic coefficients in a birefringence electro-optic (EO) crystal [2, 3]. Since PPLN is known to be a popular QPM material for nonlinear frequency conversion, the integration of our device with PPLN-waveguide optical frequency mixers (OFM) [7] appears to be a promising way to increase the data transmission capacity of an optical communication system
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