Electro-optic property evaluation, vibrational analysis and optical investigation on NLO crystal; Nickel sulfate doped L-Valine crystal using theoretical tools

Abstract

In order to reveal all the crystallographic and physico-chemical properties, the organo-metallic compound; nickel sulphate doped L-Valine crystal was grown by slow evaporation method. The XRD pattern of such compound explores the orthorhombic crystal lattice formation very consistently and the associated crystal parameters (a = 6.88, b = 9.321 & c = 7.362 Å and α = β = γ = 90°) also confirmed the same 3D bravais lattice. The optical transparency (2.987 I2ω = X I2ω) and birefringence (0.949) observation showed the crystal can be used for generating laser process within the material and the optical and electrical pumping can enable to generate the optical energy. The complexity was found and it was very precise to make better crystal compositions. The laser mechanism existed within the crystal lattice was predicted and tuning methods are provided to enhance laser action. The π–orbital hybridization and δ-orbital interaction profile was keenly observed and the cause of acceleration of chemical potential for stimulating laser energy. The EDAX composition and the respective energy zones of Nickel and sulfur ions of the crystal material were tested. The SEM images for different depth of materials were showed the surface smoothness by blending of organic dopant and inorganic doping compound. The hyperactive dielectric strain (396.82 × 10−33 esu) was calculated and its effectiveness was examined for helping to enable NLO mechanism. The thermal stability of the composite and mass loss has been measured from the thermo gravimetric analysis curve. The UV–Visible transmission (more than 70%) and absorption data were validated and it proved the optical transparency of the material and CT complex have been identified.