Abstract
This letter presents a new method to generate individual femtoliter- to picoliter-volume aqueous droplets in oil using single voltage pulses. With high-speed imaging, we characterized the displacement of the water-oil interface as a function of the time and amplitude of the voltage pulse. At high voltages where jetting and droplet formation occurred, we observed the ratio of droplet-to-jet diameter to be ∼1.84, which suggested Rayleigh instability as the primary mechanism responsible for droplet breakup. Droplets with volumes ranging from 14 fl to 8 pl were produced using this method.
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