Abstract
We investigate the dynamics of spontaneous jumps of water drops from electrically charged nonwetting dielectric substrates during sudden step reductions in the gravity level. In the free-fall environment of a drop tower, the dynamics of drops subject to external electric fields are dominated by the Coulombic force instead of gravity. These forces lead to a drop bouncing behavior similar to well-known terrestrial phenomena though occurring for much larger drops (∼0.5 ml). We provide a one-dimensional model for the phenomenon, its scaling, and asymptotic estimates for drop time-of-flight in two regimes: at short-times close to the substrate when drop inertia balances the Coulombic force due to net free charge and image charges in the dielectric substrate, and at long-times far from the substrate when drop inertia balances free charge Coulombic force and drag. In both regimes, the dimensionless electrostatic Euler number Eu, which is a ratio of inertia to electrostatic force, appears as a key parameter.
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