Abstract
An electrification of vehicles can contribute to increased energy efficiency and decreased air pollution in urban environments. The high vehicle costs involved, especially for the batteries, means that careful considerations of the options are needed. We have investigated the optimal design and potential for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) under various viability conditions with the help of a data set for individual vehicle movements from a mid-size Swedish town. In the estimates each car is equipped with a battery cost-optimized in size with respect to the individual car movement pattern and charging options expressed as the minimum break time interval required for considering recharging. The resulting optimal battery sizes are relatively small for lower economic viability, but increase with raised charging options. For high economic competitiveness the optimal sizes are larger, but decrease with better recharging possibilities. The results point to a PHEV design strategy with a small battery in an introductory phase and then an increased size when the economic competitiveness is further enhanced. Still the resulting optimal battery size is highly dependent on the specific movement pattern of the individual car. It is now urgent for the continued development, planning, and estimates of proliferation and impact of electrified vehicles that further statistical data, today mostly lacking, for the movement patterns of individual vehicles in various regions are assembled and utilized.
Highlights
An electrification of vehicles can contribute to increased energy efficiency and decreased fossil fuel dependency, as well as the lowering of CO2 emissions and air pollution in urban environments
Using a small data set for car movements, we have highlighted that this viability, assuming charging once a day, may be heavily dependent on the movement patterns of the individual vehicles [1]
With the help of a larger data set for individual vehicle movements from a mid-size Swedish town, we here investigate the possible plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) design and potential
Summary
An electrification of vehicles can contribute to increased energy efficiency and decreased fossil fuel dependency, as well as the lowering of CO2 emissions and air pollution in urban environments. EVS25 World Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Symposium. Page000083 vehicles (PHEVs) have been suggested as a compromise between cost, performance and range. For any economic viability of PHEVs, the dimensioning of the batteries and the possibilities for recharging are crucial. Using a small data set for car movements, we have highlighted that this viability, assuming charging once a day, may be heavily dependent on the movement patterns of the individual vehicles [1]. With the help of a larger data set for individual vehicle movements from a mid-size Swedish town, we here investigate the possible PHEV design and potential. We estimate the optimal size of the battery and the electric drive fraction for the individual vehicles from their movement patterns and for various assumptions on economic viability and recharging options
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