Abstract
The present paper proposes a new methodology to aid the electrification process of local public transport (LPT). In more detail, real drive cycles of traditional buses currently in use are evaluated together with other data to simulate the consumption of equivalent e-buses (electric buses) with similar characteristics. The results are then used in order to design the best charging infrastructure. The proposed methodology is applied to the case study of Algeciras Bay, where a specific line of LPT is considered. Real measurements are used as data for the simulation model, and the average consumption of an equivalent e-bus is obtained for different operating conditions. Based on these results, different sizes and locations for fast-charging infrastructure are proposed, and the size of the depot charging system is defined trying to maintain the current buses timetable. Finally, some future developments of the present work are presented by considering other bus lines that may benefit from the introduction of the defined charging systems.
Highlights
With the Paris Agreement in 2015, the members of the UNFCCC agreed to undertake ambitious efforts to keep the global average temperature rise well below 2 ◦ C above preindustrial levels and to strive for an increase of less than 1.5 ◦ C within this century [1].In order to reach this ambitious long-term goal, nations have to take action and drastically reduce their overall carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions
The adoption of electric buses is currently slow, as depicted in Figure 1, where the electric bus registration in thousands of units is presented for the different regions on the left vertical axis, and the percentage deviation in respect to the previous year for the same regions is reported with straight lines on the right vertical axis
In the idea is to use real data coming from actual buses is to use real data coming from actual buses currently currently deployed deployed by by the the public public transport service companies
Summary
With the Paris Agreement in 2015, the members of the UNFCCC agreed to undertake ambitious efforts to keep the global average temperature rise well below 2 ◦ C above preindustrial levels and to strive for an increase of less than 1.5 ◦ C within this century [1]. Real data are collected from traditional internal combustion engine buses that are currently in operation to derive a specific drive cycle that accurately resembles the actual operating conditions to which an equivalent e-bus would be subjected. These data are provided to a simulation tool that evaluates the consumption of the equivalent e-bus.
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