Abstract
The recovery and utilisation of industrial excess heat has been identified as an important contribution for energy efficiency by reducing primary energy demand. Previous works, based on top-down studies for a few sectors, or regional case studies estimated the overall availability of industrial excess heat. A more detailed analysis is required to allow the estimation of potentials for specific heat recovery technologies, particularly regarding excess heat temperature profiles. This work combines process integration methods and regression analysis to obtain cogeneration targets, detailed excess heat temperature profiles and estimations of electricity generation potentials from low and medium temperature excess heat. The work is based on the use of excess heat temperature (XHT) signatures for individual sites and regression analysis using publicly available data, obtaining estimations of the technical potential for electricity generation from low and medium temperature excess heat (60–140 °C) for the whole Swedish kraft pulp and paper industry. The results show a technical potential to increase the electricity production at kraft mills in Sweden by 10 to 13%, depending on the level of process integration considered, and a lower availability of excess heat than previously estimated in studies for the sector. The approach used could be adapted and applied in other sectors and regions, increasing the level of detail at which industrial excess heat estimations are obtained when compared to previous studies.
Highlights
In 2018, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued a SpecialReport identifying the impacts of global warming of 1.5 ◦ C above pre-industrial levels [1].The report calls for immediate action to achieve deep greenhouse gas emissions reductions and to reach net zero emissions by 2050
XHT signature shows a for much conditions to follow the curve theoretical heat integration conditions, e availabilitytends of excess heat
These resultsfor alsothe show that the availability of excess heat at high temperatures is limited in kraft pulp mills, with only the Karlsborg case showing for the Karlsborg case, in which the process cooling XHT signature shows a much l a higher availability of latent heat at 140 ◦ C
Summary
In 2018, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued a SpecialReport identifying the impacts of global warming of 1.5 ◦ C above pre-industrial levels [1].The report calls for immediate action to achieve deep greenhouse gas emissions reductions and to reach net zero emissions by 2050. The European Commission’s 2050 Climate Strategy seeks to achieve this goal and establishes that renewable electricity is the most important single driver for a decarbonised energy system [2]. The. International Energy Agency (IEA) expects that energy efficiency will contribute to more than 40 percent of the reduction in CO2 emissions by 2040 [4]. Increased recovery and use of industrial excess heat (IEH) has been identified as an important aspect of industrial energy efficiency to be analysed [5,6]. The utilisation of IEH reduces the use of primary energy resources that would otherwise be needed for the production of heat or to supply other energy services [7,8]
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