Abstract
Abstract: This study focuses on the electrically small antennas (ESAs) tailored for sensing applications. Recognizing the critical role of antenna size and performance in modern sensing systems, the research employs advanced simulation and optimization techniques to explore various configurations. Additionally, discussions on potential enhancements, such as meta material, Dielectric resonating antenna, meander line antenna, etc. integration and reconfigurable structures, provide insights for future developments in compact antenna technology for wireless sensing systems. Thus, in In this paper, a comprehensive overview of various types of electrically small antennas (ESAs) is presented, along with their significance in enhancing performance and their application in 5G and 6G communication systems.
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