Abstract
Water saturation in the bedrock or colluvium is highly related to most landslide hazards, and rainfall is likely a crucial factor. The dynamic processes of onsite rock/soil mechanics could be revealed via monitoring using the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) technique and Archie’s law. This study aims to investigate water saturation changes over time using time-lapse ERT images, providing a powerful method for monitoring landslide events. A fully automatic remote resistivity monitoring system was deployed to acquire hourly electrical resistivity data using a nontraditional hybrid array in the Lantai area of Yilan Taiping Mountain in Northeast Taiwan from 2019 to 2021. Six subzones in borehole ERT images were examined for the temporal and spatial resistivity variations, as well as possible pathways of the groundwater. Two representative cases of inverted electrical resistivity images varying with precipitation may be correlated with water saturation changes in the studied hillslope, implying the process of rainfall infiltration. Layers with decreased and increased electrical resistivity are also observed before sliding events. Accordingly, we suggest that high-frequency time-lapse ERT monitoring could play a crucial role in landslide early warning.
Highlights
IntroductionMotivationMost landslide hazards occur in mountains (Dai and Lee, 2002). The initiation of a landslide requires three basic ingredients: a steep hillslope, water, and/or an earthquake (Kornei, 2019)
MotivationMost landslide hazards occur in mountains (Dai and Lee, 2002)
We presented in this study the results of time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) measurements in the Lantai slope, Yilan Taiping Mountain, Northeast Taiwan
Summary
MotivationMost landslide hazards occur in mountains (Dai and Lee, 2002). The initiation of a landslide requires three basic ingredients: a steep hillslope, water, and/or an earthquake (Kornei, 2019). In situ geophysical techniques can directly or indirectly measure a wide range of physical parameters associated with the lithological, hydrological, and geotechnical characteristics of terrains relevant to landslide processes (Perrone et al, 2014). The advantage of these techniques is that they are less invasive than most ground-based geotechnical sensing technologies. The time-lapse ERT can provide images of the subsurface electrical resistivity distribution at different times, allowing investigations of spatial and temporal variations in geological structures
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