Abstract
Ce 0.9Gd 0.1O 1.95 with various Mg doping contents was synthesized by citric acid-nitrate low temperature combustion process and sintered under different conditions. The crystal structures, microstructures and electrical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and ac impedance spectroscopy. Low solubility of Mg 2+ in Ce 0.9Gd 0.1O 1.95 lattice was evidenced by XRD and FESEM micrographs. The samples sintered at 1300 °C exhibited the higher total conductivity than those sintered at 1100 and 1500 °C, with the maximum value of 1.48 × 10 −2 S cm −1 (measured at 600 °C) at the Mg doping content of 6 mol%, corresponding to the minimum total activation energy ( E tol) of 0.84 eV (150–400 °C). The effect of Mg doping on the electrical conductivity was significant particularly at higher sintering temperatures. At the sintering temperature of 1500 °C, the addition of Mg (10 mol%) enhanced the grain boundary conductivity by over 10 2 times comparing with that of undoped Ce 0.9Gd 0.1O 1.95, which may be explained by the optimization of space charge layer due to the segregation of Mg 2+ to the grain boundaries.
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