Abstract
In this paper, dielectric measurements were carried out to obtain conductivity, permittivity (real and imaginary parts) and loss tangent of Dead Sea water. These dielectric properties were measured using two different methods: Vector Network Analyzer “VNA” (Dielectric Assessment Kit “DAK”) and Four Probe method, all measurements taken at room temperature (25˚C). The collected data has been analyzed in the frequency range (200 MHz - 9 GHz), by making a comparison between the measured data for Dead Sea water and distilled water, the results have shown that a huge difference in dielectric properties for the two samples. The conductivity of Dead Sea water is much larger than the conductivity of distilled water, which has been expected because of the fact of the high salinity of Dead Sea water.
Highlights
The Dead Sea is a landlocked hypersaline lake located in the deepest part of the Dead Sea Jordan Rift Valley
The total dissolved solids (TDS), which we indicate as the salinity of the collected dead seawater is computed in the Chemistry Department at An-Najah National University
“TDS refers to any salts, minerals, metals, cations, or anions dissolved in a soil saturation extract, composed primarily of inorganic salts consisting of the major cations (i.e., Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+), major anions (i.e., Cl−, NO3−, HCO3−, CO32−, and SO24− ), and small amounts of organic matter that are dissolved in water [9], and its value is 60.1 g/L
Summary
The soaring hot and dry conditions of this region mean that large quantities of water are evaporated. This leads to the salt and other minerals becoming more and more concentrated. The water of the Dead Sea is characterized by very high salinity; it has 345 grams of mineral per liter (34.5% or 34.5 g/100 mL) This salt concentration is about 7 to 10 times that of the oceans [2]. The composition of minerals in the Dead Sea is renowned for its healing and anti-aging effects on the skin.
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