Abstract
The electrical contact resistance of cambered surface contact is systematically studied by analytical solution and finite-element simulation. Two representative cambered surface contacts, namely sphere-plane contact and cylinder-plane contact are built and the distributions of electrical current lines profile and isopotential are compared explicitly. Subsequently, the effects of size parameters of cambered surface and mechanical load on contact resistance are evaluated over a large range of aspect ratios. Furthermore, dissimilarity between sphere-plane contact and cylinder-plane contact is deduced.
Highlights
Electrical contact, namely a current transferring from one metal to another member through the interface, has always been an important part of the electro-mechanical devices, including but not limited to electromagnetic relays [1], automotive connectors [2], circuit-breakers [3], micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) [4], thin-film devices [5], and switchgears [6]
This paper mainly aims to systematically investigate the similarity and difference between two typical cambered surface contacts, i.e. sphere-plane contact and cylinder-plane contact, under the elastic deformation based on the effects of size parameters and mechanical load on the contact resistance
Our results indicate that mechanical load is a sensitive parameter to contact resistance of sphere-plane contact
Summary
Electrical contact, namely a current transferring from one metal to another member through the interface, has always been an important part of the electro-mechanical devices, including but not limited to electromagnetic relays [1], automotive connectors [2], circuit-breakers [3], micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) [4], thin-film devices [5], and switchgears [6]. The electrical current lines would be sharply distorted and bundle together to pass through the contact interface due to the limited contact region[6]. The size-dependent contact resistance contains Holm resistance and Sharvin resistance for the large and small contact sizes relative to the mean free path of electron, respectively [11]. When the radius of constriction region a is larger than average electron mean free path λ, Holm has shown that the constriction resistance between two semi-infinite bodies separated by a single circular a-spot could be written as [12]
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