Abstract
Epoxy nanocomposites able to meet pressing industrial requirements in the field of structural material have been developed and characterized. Tunneling Atomic Force Microscopy (TUNA), which is able to detect ultra-low currents ranging from 80 fA to 120 pA, was used to correlate the local topography with electrical properties of tetraglycidyl methylene dianiline (TGMDA) epoxy nanocomposites at low concentration of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) ranging from 0.05% up to 2% by wt. The results show the unique capability of TUNA technique in identifying conductive pathways in CNF/resins even without modifying the morphology with usual treatments employed to create electrical contacts to the ground.
Highlights
Epoxy matrix-based composite materials filled with MWCNTs or various carbon additives, such as natural, artificial and exfoliated graphites (EGs), activated carbons, and thick graphene exhibit many properties of great interest both from a scientific and industrial point of view such as low electrical percolation threshold as well as high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding capacity, good adhesive properties etc... [1].carbon nanofibers (CNFs)-reinforced polymer composites have opened up new perspectives for multifunctional materials
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the unfilled epoxy resin T20BD and CNF epoxy nanocomposites cured at room temperature, up to 125 °C for 1 h and up to 200 °C for 3 h are shown in Figs. 3–5 respectively
It is worth noting that the changes in the intensity of the peaks mentioned above are clearly visible compared to the peaks at 1143 cm−1 and 1105 cm−1 corresponding to the strong asymmetric and symmetric SO2 stretching of the DDS hardener [55] and the peaks at 1595 cm−1 and 1515 cm−1 attributable to the phenyl groups [56], which remain unchanged during the curing process
Summary
Epoxy matrix-based composite materials filled with MWCNTs or various carbon additives, such as natural, artificial and exfoliated graphites (EGs), activated carbons, and thick graphene exhibit many properties of great interest both from a scientific and industrial point of view such as low electrical percolation threshold (below 1.5 wt%) as well as high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding capacity, good adhesive properties etc... [1].CNF-reinforced polymer composites have opened up new perspectives for multifunctional materials. Carbon nanofibers with extremely high aspect ratios combined with low density possess high electrical conductivity They are excellent nanofiller materials for transforming electrically non-conducting polymers into conductive materials which have a wide range of applications, namely in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding (which has become a critical issue in the last several years with the development and advancement of electrical devices), photovoltaic devices, transparent conductive coatings as well as electro-actuating the shape memory polymer composites [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18] and others [19,20,21].
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