Abstract
Recent studies of polymer-based pyrolytic amorphous carbon for use in organic electrolyte-lithium batteries and as metal-doped carbon electrodes show considerable promise. Polyimide can be thermally converted to amorphous carbon films. The irreversible evolution of polyimide under progressive heat treatment is characterized by three successive structural changes: pyrolysis, carbonization and graphitization. Four-point contact conductivity and electron spin resonance (e.s.r.) measurements were used to study and correlate electrical conductivity changes with unpaired electrons. From these studies it is concluded that at low pyrolysis temperature (<650°C) the pyrolysed polyimide is a nonmetallic amorphous carbon incorporating residual oxygen and nitrogen. At higher pyrolysis temperatures (>700°C) a microcrystalline graphite-like metallic domain starts to appear in the amorphous matrix. The development of this ‘metallic domain’ causes the conductivity of the pyrolysed polyimide to increase sharply.
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