Electrical Challenges Associated with Integrating Renewable Energy Sources into Power Grids

Abstract

This chapter presents a comprehensive analysis of the effect of renewable energy sources (RES) in the technical parameters of the power system. In addition, several standard case studies presented to compare the impact of RES in various operation modes with conventional generating units and the battery energy storage system (BESS). It should be noted that the main focus of this chapter is to examine the electrical challenges resulting from the misuse of RES during the operation of power systems. Therefore, it is assumed that the optimal scheduling problem considering RES was performed on the desired test system by default. PowerFactory provides very useful packages for the system operator to investigate the status of the power grid in coordination with various renewable sources technologies, and perform the required technical analysis. Required operation tools to incorporate renewable sources in smart power grids include: Power flow analysis with low to high penetration of RES. Short-circuit studies and contingency analysis with stochastic models that capture the uncertainty of RES. Short-term rescheduling according to network performance after performing various simulations in the presence of RES as well as BESS. KeywordsContingency analysisContingency casesDIgSILENTElectrical challengesEnergy storage system (ESS)Islanding modePowerFactoryRenewable power curtailmentRMS simulationShort-circuit analysisShort-circuit ratioStrength level