Abstract
This chapter brings out the essential features of prebreakdown and electrical breakdown in solids, liquids, and vacuum. It discusses the various aspects of interaction among the insulators and with electrodes, especially from the viewpoint of insulation coordination. Electrical insulation is the key to reliability in pulsed power systems. The choice of insulators for use in pulsed power systems requires knowledge of breakdown mechanisms and performance under varying conditions as well as commercial availability. When breakdown occurs, solids are usually permanently damaged. The mechanisms leading to the electrical breakdown in solids is a complex phenomenon and varies according to the time duration of voltage application. The mechanisms may be categorized as intrinsic, thermal, or electromechanical breakdown, partial discharges, and electrical trees. The chapter presents a few examples of practical systems, where the causes responsible for lowering the insulation performance have been removed. The examples illustrated pertain to components that use either oil or water.
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