Electrical and structural engineering of nanoflower-like NiMn-layered double hydroxide by V modulation for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors

Abstract

This work produced V-doped NiMn-layered double hydroxide(V-NiMnLDH) composite positive electrode material directly on nickel foam using a simple one-step hydrothermal synthesis process. The composite's 3D nanoflower-like design increased spatial utilization, surface area, and active sites for Faradaic redox reactions. The composite material has a specific capacitance of 1551 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and 85.6 % capacitance retention at 10 A g−1, demonstrating exceptional cycle stability. In addition, we combined V-NiMnLDH with commercial activated carbon to create an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) with 63.5 Wh kg−1 energy density and 975 W kg−1 power density. After 5000 charge-discharge cycles, the gadget preserved 89.7 % of its specific capacitance. This material outperforms similar electrode materials in certain performance evaluations. We also used density functional theory (DFT) computations to analyze each element in the V-NiMnLDH composite and explain their electronic density of states contributions. This theoretical framework explains how V doping improves capacitance. Band structure simulations also showed V-NiMnLDH's higher charge transfer and conductivity compared to intermediate products, explaining its extraordinary capacitance performance. Our work combines theoretical and experimental data to advance catalyst design and high-performance energy storage materials.