Abstract
High-quality single crystals of R 3 Al 11 (R = La, Ce, Pr, and Nd) with the La 3 Al 11 -type orthorhombic crystal structure (space group I m m m ) have been grown by the Al-flux method. For Ce 3 Al 11 , signatures for ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic orderings at T C = 6.3 K and T N = 3.2 K, respectively, have been observed in the magnetic susceptibility, magnetization, specific heat, and electrical resistivity. An antiferromagnet Pr 3 Al 11 , on the other hand, exhibits two magnetic transitions at T N1 = 12.6 K and T N2 = 3.1 K. An antiferromagnet Nd 3 Al 11 also exhibits multiple magnetic transitions at T N1 = 13.2 K, T N2 = 9.4 K, T N3 = 2.9 K, and T N4 = 1.77 K in zero magnetic field. The transition at T N4 has a first-order character. The crystalline electric field (CEF) analysis of magnetic susceptibility, magnetization and specific heat data shows that the CEF splitting is larger for Ce 3 Al 11 than for Pr 3 Al 11 and Nd 3 Al 11 . The CEF ground state of Pr 3 Al 11 is a singlet. Magnetic order o...
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