Abstract
Electric motors typically have on-board efficiencies of around 80% at converting electrical energy into driving a vehicle. Electric motors do not consume energy while freewheeling or idling. Moreover, modern plug-in electric cars can recharge their on-board batteries using regenerative braking and reuse most of the energy normally lost during braking. Electric vehicle requires electricity to power its motor either directly or via a battery. Hybrid electric car generates the required energy by an on -board ICE mechanically connected to electric generator which feeds electricity to a motor and may charge an on -board battery. Plug in hybrid electric car is an example of distributed energy source with storage. So, electric vehicle might be an alternative to an ICE -driven one and it is not surprising that as of September 2018, there were over 4 million all -electric and plug-in hybrid cars in use all over the world.
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