Abstract
Electric vehicles are by many seen as the cars of the future as they are very efficient, produce no local pollution, are silent, and can be used for power regulation by the grid operator. In order to be able to estimate the performances of an electric vehicle it is very important to have a proper model of it. The electric vehicle model is very complex as it contains many different components. Each component needs to be modelled properly in order to prevent wrong conclusions. The design or rating of each component is a difficult task as the parameters of one component affect the power level of another one. There is therefore a risk that one component is rated inappropriately which may make the vehicle unnecessary expensive or inefficient. In this paper a new design model of the electric vehicle is presented. This model is based on the combination of Modelica with ModelCenter. Modelica has been used to model and simulate the electric vehicle and ModelCenter has been used to optimize the design variables. The model ensures that the requirements related to driving distance and acceleration are fulfilled.
Highlights
With the considerable development of the mechanic industry, means of transportation are increasingly numerous
The authors in [5] developed an approach for design and optimization of electric vehicles based on combining SysML, Modelica and surrogate modelling techniques
To verify the analysis model that will be used later in the optimization process, we will compare the velocity at the output of the electric vehicle with a standard driving cycle provided as input
Summary
With the considerable development of the mechanic industry, means of transportation are increasingly numerous. The authors in [4] proposed a simple model to the preliminary design of an electric vehicle; this model was used to optimize the characteristics of the propulsion system (DC motor and gearbox) to meet the performance requirements that are related to different test cases such as the acceleration test, the maximum velocity and the velocity in a grade road. The authors in [5] developed an approach for design and optimization of electric vehicles based on combining SysML, Modelica and surrogate modelling techniques. SysML [6] was used in high abstraction level of conceptual design, Modelica [7] was used to model and simulate the physical behaviour of the electric vehicles and surrogate modelling technique was used to extract compact models and use them for the multidisciplinary optimization. This paper is organized as follows: after the introduction, Section 2 describes the modelling of the electric vehicle, Section 3 presents the simulation results to verify the proposed model, Section 4 provides a case study for the optimization of the electric vehicle and Section 5 gives the conclusion remarks
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