Abstract
An electric road, eroad, or electric road system (ERS) is a road which supplies electric power to vehicles travelling on it. Common implementations are overhead power lines above the road and ground-level power supply through conductive rails or inductive coils embedded in the road. Overhead power lines are limited to commercial vehicles while ground-level power can be used by any vehicle, which allows for public charging through power metering and billing systems. 10–11 Korea was the first to implement a public electric road with a commercial bus line in 2013 after testing an experimental shuttle service in 2009. Sweden has been performing assessments of various electric road technologies. since 2013 and expects to start formulating a national electric road system in 2022 and finish planning by2033 Furthermore, the technology is more expensive, as inductive charging requires drive electronics and coils in both device and charger, thus, it increases the complexity and cost of manufacturing.
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