Abstract
The paper is focused on fuels, their users - engines and the end-user, the vehicles, from an environmental and economic point of view. The basic characteristics of potential fuels for internal combustion engines, as well as possible sources of electricity, are analysed. A comparative analysis of characteristics of vehicle propulsion with gasoline, diesel fuel, compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas and electricity was performed. The research has shown that the application of vehicles with an electric motor is ecologically justified only in cases of obtaining electricity in an environmentally friendly way and that in other cases there is no profit in an ecological sense. From an economic point of view, if there were no subsidies to manufacturers and buyers of electric cars, they would not be competitive with internal combustion engines now. Within the research, potential solutions for reducing air pollution and improving the quality of life in cities have been proposed.
Highlights
The modern world is taking more and more seriously the impact of environmental pollution on the life and survival of living people, as well as that pollution is transmitted through the atmosphere and occurs where it is not expected, in uninhabited and industrially underdeveloped areas.Depending on current problems and technological possibilities, the focus of efforts to reduce the harmful effects of air pollution changes
The most common fuel for spark-ignition engines1 is gasoline, which is a fuel that consists of many hydrocarbons found in basic gasoline that is obtained in refineries by various processing methods from petroleum from a wide range of origins
If one compares the fuel supply systems, it can be seen that the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) supply systems are generally at a much lower technological level than the corresponding gasoline systems, except when the engine was designed to use the LPG as fuel
Summary
The modern world is taking more and more seriously the impact of environmental pollution on the life and survival of living people, as well as that pollution is transmitted through the atmosphere and occurs where it is not expected, in uninhabited and industrially underdeveloped areas. The use of LPG and CNG in Diesel engines requires an additional classic fuel injection system for the mixture to ignite in the cylinder Such solutions exist with some city buses, but users more often decide to rework the engines by replacing the injectors with spark plugs and the injection pumps with an electric ignition system. The most common fuel for spark-ignition engines is gasoline, which is a fuel that consists of many hydrocarbons found in basic gasoline that is obtained in refineries by various processing methods from petroleum from a wide range of origins It is a mixture of reformates, crack gasolines (olefins), pyrolysis gasolines, isoparaffins, butane, alkylates, the so-called replacement components such as alcohols and ethers and slight amounts of additives [2, p. The storage of the other fuel requires an additional tank that significantly reduces the usable space of the trunk
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