Abstract
Electric birefringence (EB) in solutions of a number of fractions and samples of polyamide benzimidazole (PABI) in dimethylacetamide (DMAA) and polyamide hydrazide (PAH) in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) has been investigated by using rectangular pulsed and sinusoidal pulsed fields. Study of EB dispersion in sinusoidal fields and the kinetics of rise and decay of EB in rectangular pulse fields indicates that the main mechanism responsible for the measured EB for both polymers is the large-scale motion of their polar molecules caused by the orienting effect of the field on rigid permanent dipoles of their chains. Relaxation times τ are determined from the dispersion of EB. The Kuhn segment lengths are estimated from the dependence of τ on molecular weight. The values of these length for PABI and PAH chains virtually coincide at (25 ± 10) nm. Study of the value of the Kerr constant and its dependence on molecular weight shows that strongly polar and electroconducting solvents, DMAA and DMSO, used in this work play an important part in the formation of macromolecular dipoles.
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