Abstract
As sensors small, high-gain devices, hearing aid microphones must be tiny, have high signal-to-noise ratios, be relatively insensitive to vibration from the nearby speaker, and operate at low hearing aid battery voltages. The subminiature backplate-electret condenser microphone was developed in the early 1970s specifically for hearing aids, with a very lightweight mechanical system for lower vibration sensitivity and somewhat improved signal-to-noise compared to previous designs. Although the design has been refined over several generations, the basic technology of electret films has proven to be very robust over the last 40 years, enabling continual size reductions while maintaining high signal-to-noise ratios. Noise generation and vibration sensitivity continue to be competitive dimensions for hearing aid microphones. Some of the mechanisms for noise generation and vibration pickup are intrinsic to the design of these microphones. Other mechanisms may be caused by interaction between the microphones and the hearing aid system of which they are a part. In this presentation, we will discuss both types of mechanisms and some design guidelines for minimal noise application of microphones in hearing aids.
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