Elections, Parties and Elites in Indonesia's Local Politics

Abstract

This paper examines the processes and outcomes of Indonesia's first ever direct local elections through an analysis of the 2006 mayoral election in Batam. The paper highlights and seeks to explain a paradox in contemporary Indonesia's local politics: that is, the weakening of political parties' influence in local political change at a time when political parties maintain a monopoly over the nomination of candidates for local government heads. The analysis shows that, instead of parties, party machines and party platforms, wealthy and politically influential local elites have come to dominate electoral competition for local government heads. The paper provides an understanding of how direct local elections have affected the political dynamics of Batam, which was an integral part of Soeharto's patronage system that upheld the New Order regime until 1998. Furthermore, the author suggests that analysing local political change can improve our understanding of Indonesia's political development more broadly.