ELEARNING TECHNOLOGY IN SUPPORTING OF EPISTEMIC COMPETENCIES

This research aimed to find out the effectiveness of hypnotherapy on decreasing anxiety in cancer survivor undergoing chemotherapy. This research was conducted on Jerry Lolowang as the main informant using paradigma and qualitative method, to result in a comprehensive understanding on the phenomenon studied. Specifically, this qualitative research employed case study research design – Life History. Four criteria were used: credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Data validation was carried out using data triangulation on the informant considered as close to Jerry Lolowang. The analysis in this research was conducted in four stages: data collection, data reduction, data display, conclusion verification. The result of interview with Jerry Lolowang as the basketball athlete and had a testicular cancer showed that hypnotherapy is one way of decreasing anxiety during cemotherapy. Cancer is a set of diseases characterized with uncontrolled growth of certain body cell leading to cell damage and other body tissues, and cancer can affect everyone including athletes. Hypnotherapy can help the process of reducing anxiety and curing other medical diseases such as cancer, by improving an individual’s life spirit to always think positively, and not afraid of his injury or illness.

Case study research is a versatile approach that allows for different data sources to be combined, with its main purpose being theory development. This book goes a step further by combining different case study research designs, informed by the authors' extensive teaching and research experience. It provides an accessible introduction to case study research, familiarizes readers with different archetypical and sequenced designs, and describes these designs and their components using both real and fictional examples. It provides thought-provoking exercises, and in doing so, prepares the reader to design their own case study in a way that suits the research objective. Written for an academic audience, this book is useful for students, their supervisors and professors, and ultimately any researcher who intends to use, or is already using, the case study approach.

This study was inspired by two of the leading papers in the case study method: Eisenhardt (1991) and Dyer and Wilkins (1991). The work of those authors could be considered a benchmark for research based on a case study. Additionally, this research comes as a complement to re-categorize case study research design. After reviewing those papers, the authors identified certain misunderstandings relative to when a case study should be addressed as single or multiple case studies. This study reviewed both recent and ancient research papers that used the case study research design in their investigations based on this misunderstanding. Thus, the previously identified misinterpretation of case study categorization is the gap this study filled. For this study, the case study research design was to be re-categorized to understand which case study design suits which research study. Accordingly, based on the identified gap, the study used secondary data to re-categorize the case study research design through a literature review method. As a result, the study identified three case study categories: single setting case study with single sub-case, single setting case study with multiple sub-cases, and multiple case studies. Consequently, the result re-categorizes single case study design into single sub-case and multiple sub-cases. This study makes recommendations through the proposed approach that filled the gap identified in the case study design categorization. In terms of adding to knowledge, this study’s proposed approach will augment the optimal use of case study research design by management, economics, and other disciplines’ researchers in the future.

Case study research designs are a popular approach in business and management and in work-based research projects. Case study as an umbrella research methodology, under which a researcher adopts different methods for data collection and analysis, is a particularly useful approach for research projects concerned with an in-depth investigation of a particular phenomenon within a specific real-life context. The context in case study research plays a key role and a researcher needs to carefully consider the choices of “case” or “cases” in terms of value and uniqueness. The role of the researcher as an embedded researcher is also important as case study research offers a degree of understanding of the context under study that can only come from personal experience and involvement. There are many approaches to case study research; this SAGE case study presents and discusses a case study research design using qualitative methods for data generation such as participant observation, direct observations and interviews (with individuals and in group) to investigate the implementation of a service innovation process. This research approach was found useful, as the outcome of the study was intended to be an in-depth understanding of the service innovation process (the phenomenon) that was embedded within the context-specific settings of a small business services firm (the context).

1. Suzanne Campbell, PhD, MLS(ASCP)CM[⇑][1] 1. Seward County Community College/Area Technical School, Liberal, KS 1. Address for Correspondence: Suzanne Campbell, PhD, MLS(ASCP)CM, STEM Project Director, Medical Laboratory Technician Program Coordinator, Seward County Community College/Area Technical School, Liberal, KS 67901, 620-417-1403, suzanne.campbell{at}sccc.edu 1. Describe when the case study approach is the most appropriate qualitative research method. 2. Outline the components of a case study research method. 3. Discuss data coding and analysis and how categories and themes are developed. 4. Identify considerations for reporting the findings of case study research. INTRODUCTION As medical laboratory professionals, we compare patient results to reference ranges and determine the clinical significance of the findings. Those numbers indicate whether a patient is healthy or will be diagnosed with a disease process. Even after the diagnosis, the numbers still have meaning as they reflect the outcome of the treatment. The result of the analytical process provides the healthcare team vital information regarding diagnosis and treatment. Because of the nature of our profession, quantitative research may be more readily accepted. We incorporate the results of quantitative research when we consider the likelihood of developing the disease, treatment success/failure rate, and prognosis. However, do we ever consider “how” the patient reacts to the diagnosis or “why” some patients have a better prognosis than others?1 A quantitative research method would not provide the data needed to respond to those questions. Therefore, we should consider conducting a qualitative research method. As previously identified, there are five approaches to qualitative research methods: narrative inquiry, phenomenological, grounded theory, ethnographic and case study research.2 It is vital that the researcher consider the research questions and research design so the appropriate qualitative research method is selected. Qualitative research methods are used in psychology, sociology, philosophy, political science, medicine, social science, anthropology, government, business and education.1,3,4,5 Let us explore in more detail the case study research method. Case study research is an “…intensive study of a single case where the purpose of that study is… to shed light on a larger class of cases.”4 Being… 1. Describe when the case study approach is the most appropriate qualitative research method. 2. Outline the components of a case study research method. 3. Discuss data coding and analysis and how categories and themes are developed. 4. Identify considerations for reporting the findings of case study research. [1]: #corresp-1

This study aims to analyze the strategy of internationalization of Islamic higher education through the use of educational technology towards achieving a world-class university status in two universities: the State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang, Indonesia, and Sultan Syarif Ali University, Brunei Darussalam. This paper uses a case study approach with a qualitative method. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observations, and documentation. Regarding data analysis, the researcher reduces the data, presents it, and draws conclusions. Verification is used for comparison between case studies. Additionally, this study employs triangulation of sources and methods to validate its findings. The results of the study show that the development strategy of Internationalization of Islamic Higher Education with the use of educational technology aims to prepare graduates who are relevant to current needs and able to compete in the era of globalization with the following steps: integrating technology in the learning process through educational technology using Learning Management System, E-learning, blended learning, and holding conferences with the system hybrid, online learning platform and digitization of administrative systems, conducting quality evaluations and audits, developing international collaboration programs and adapting the curriculum to global standards, developing networks between universities in Asia in strengthening international relations and cooperation.

To illustrate an approach to data analysis in qualitative case study methodology. There is often little detail in case study research about how data were analysed. However, it is important that comprehensive analysis procedures are used because there are often large sets of data from multiple sources of evidence. Furthermore, the ability to describe in detail how the analysis was conducted ensures rigour in reporting qualitative research. The research example used is a multiple case study that explored the role of the clinical skills laboratory in preparing students for the real world of practice. Data analysis was conducted using a framework guided by the four stages of analysis outlined by Morse ( 1994 ): comprehending, synthesising, theorising and recontextualising. The specific strategies for analysis in these stages centred on the work of Miles and Huberman ( 1994 ), which has been successfully used in case study research. The data were managed using NVivo software. Literature examining qualitative data analysis was reviewed and strategies illustrated by the case study example provided. Discussion Each stage of the analysis framework is described with illustration from the research example for the purpose of highlighting the benefits of a systematic approach to handling large data sets from multiple sources. By providing an example of how each stage of the analysis was conducted, it is hoped that researchers will be able to consider the benefits of such an approach to their own case study analysis. This paper illustrates specific strategies that can be employed when conducting data analysis in case study research and other qualitative research designs.

Case Study Research in Practice explores the theory and practice of case study research. Helen Simons draws on her extensive experience of teaching and conducting case study to provide a comprehensive and practical account of how to design, conduct and communicate case study research. It addresses questions often raised by students and common misconceptions about case research. In four sections the book covers - Rationale, concept and design of case study research - Methods, ethics and reflexivity in case study - Interpreting, analyzing and reporting the case - Generalizing and theorizing in case study research Rich with 'tales from the field' and summary memos as an aide-memoire to future action, the book provides fresh insights and challenges for researchers to guide their practice of case study research. This is an ideal text for those studying and conducting case study research in education, health and social care, and related social science disciplines.

This inquiry is grounded in the theoretical framework of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). The study investigates pre-service special education teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs, their perceptions of technology use for learning and teaching, their pedagogical approaches, and the challenges they face. A case study research design was employed to acquire quantitative data. Questionnaires were administered to a sample of 81 pre-service teachers from one teacher training college. The questionnaire also contained open-ended questions. Quantitative data was analysed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21 software while responses to the open-ended questions were thematically analysed. This study found that the pre-service teachers' use of technology may have developed over time and through the personal use of the devices in their classroom practices. Although the pre-service teachers had varied self-efficacy beliefs, they had positive attitudes towards the use of technology. Findings also suggest that the pre-service teachers lacked TPACK skills to use technology. Although most findings reinforce what is already known about the field, this study is unique as these results are new for Kuwait and possibly more widely for the Middle East. The study recommends that TPACK workshops may not only enhance better understanding of pre-service teachers’ perceptions and beliefs about integrating technology to teach students with special needs but also provide increased support for them to improve their attitudes towards emerging technologies. Keywords: Pre-service teachers, students with special needs, technology and integrating DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-35-12 Publication date: December 31 st 2019

The paper maps the value of case study in management research. In particular, it deals with the paradigmatic aspects of case study as a research strategy. In order to analyse the convergence and divergence on different dimensions of the case study research, I focus on three well-known methodology experts, namely Robert Yin, Sharan Merriam and Robert Stake. I argue that case study is a comprehensive research strategy. It has the capacity to embrace paradigm plurality representing both inductive and deductive strategies. Because of its epistemological, ontological and methodological flexibility case study has become one of the established research approaches in management. There is no fixed set of methods for the case study research. This depends on the ontological presuppositions of the researchers. The significance of the ontology becomes apparent depending on the nature of the case and the types of the research questions. As case study research is reflexive, flexible and context-specific, it allows emerging contexts to shape methods. That is why it can act as a bridge across the research paradigms. I then look at the considerable influence that the case study approach has on the management research, i.e., the role for case study in the research process. Because of its overarching role, multi-paradigmatic approach can be adopted under case study research. Case study research is, in practice a varied methodology with paradigmatic pluralism covering an array of research methods and techniques and different levels of analysis.

In this paper the authors propose a more precise and encompassing definition of case study than is usually found. They support their definition by clarifying that case study is neither a method nor a methodology nor a research design as suggested by others. They use a case study prototype of their own design to propose common properties of case study and demonstrate how these properties support their definition. Next, they present several living myths about case study and refute them in relation to their definition. Finally, they discuss the interplay between the terms case study and unit of analysis to further delineate their definition of case study. The target audiences for this paper include case study researchers, research design and methods instructors, and graduate students interested in case study research.

The Elementary School Journal Volume 81, Number 1 ? 1980 by The University of Chicago 0013-5984/81/8101-0008$0o1.00 In colleges and universities across the country, prospective and practicing teachers and administrators take courses on planning-curriculum-planning and instructional planning. During the courses, teachers and administrators usually study an objectives-first model of curriculumplanning. This model has four steps. Planners are expected to 1. Formulate objectives 2. Choose appropriate learning activities

Exploring Subordinates' Perceptions and Experiences with Abusive Leaders in Higher Education: A Qualitative Study

Pre-service teachers gain experience, positive and negative attitudes towards teaching-learning process, school administration, teacher, student and even school in teaching practice course in pre-service teacher training programs. The purpose of this research was to identify pre-service teachers' perceptions of teaching practice course. Case study research design was used in this qualitative research method. The study group of the research comprised of 42 pre-service teachers who took teaching training course in 2014-2015 academic year. The purposeful sampling method was used to determine the study group. The data was derived from the semi-structured interview form. Content analysis was employed to analyze the data. The themes were generated as a result of the analysis. The results of the research indicate that pre-service teachers gain experience in teaching profession and be self-confident, learn to be patient and use materials and acquire the importance of communication. On the other hand, they notice some negative cases such as teachers' failures in classroom management, lack of materials, school administrations' negative attitudes and behaviors and teachers' being passive in discipline matters. To overcome these negative cases, suggestions were put forward.

Understanding Teacher's Perspectives in Media Literacy Education as an Empowerment Instrument of Blended Learning in Early Childhood Classroom