Abstract
P91 steel is a typical steel used in the manufacture of boilers in ultra-supercritical power plants and heat exchangers in nuclear power plants. For the long-term serviced P91 steel pressurized structures, the main failure mode is the welded joint failure, especially the heat affected zone (HAZ) failure. Repair welding technique is an effective method for repairing such local defects. However, the thermal shock composed of high temperature and thermal stress in the repair welding process will pose a critical loading condition for the existing defects near the heat source which cannot be detected by conventional means. So, the evaluation of structural integrity for the welded joint in the thermal-mechanical coupling field is necessary. In this work, the crack propagation law in the HAZ for the P91 steel welded joint was investigated under repair welding thermal loads. The weld repair model of the P91 steel welded joint was established by ABAQUS. The transient temperature field and stress field in repair welding process were calculated by relevant user subroutines and sequential coupling simulation method. The residual stress was determined by the impact indentation strain method to verify the feasibility of the finite element (FE) model and simulation method. In order to obtain the crack propagation path, the elastoplastic fracture analysis of the welded joint with initial crack was performed based on the extended finite element method (XFEM). The influence of different welding linear energy on the crack propagation was analyzed. The results show that the cracks in the HAZ propagate perpendicular to the surface and tend to deflect to the welding seam under repair welding thermal loads. The crack propagation occurs in the early stage of cooling. Higher welding linear energy leads to larger HAZ and higher overall temperature. With the increase of welding linear energy, the length and critical distance of the crack propagation increase. Therefore, low welding linear energy can effectively inhibit the crack propagation in the HAZ. The above calculation and analysis provide a reference for the thermal shock damage analysis of repair welding process, which is of great significance to improving the safety and reliability of weld repaired components.
Highlights
P91 steel is widely used in boiler components of ultra-supercritical power plants due to its excellent creep strength and steam corrosion resistance at high temperature [1]
Two P91 steel plates with a size of 200 mm × 100 mm × 12 mm are butt welded with four welding layers, including two layers of root welding respectively) are butt welded with four welding layers, including two layers of root welding (welding, one layer of filler welding and one layer of cover welding layers 1 to 2), one layer of filler welding and one layer of cover welding
The elastoplastic deformation caused by indentations itself changes under the action of residual stress
Summary
P91 steel is widely used in boiler components of ultra-supercritical power plants due to its excellent creep strength and steam corrosion resistance at high temperature [1]. It is one of the common choices of steel pipe material for heat exchangers in nuclear power plants [2]. During long-term service, local defects will occur inevitably in pressure equipment due to the effect of harsh service environment or improper operation procedure, especially in vulnerable parts, such as welded joints [3,4].
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