Abstract
The aim of this research work was to determine the physical and elastic properties of date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera) cv (Talees, Khudari and Taghit) during three ripening stages (Khalaal, Rutab and Tamr) to develop a technique that can predict the packing height to protect fruits from mechanical damage.The physical properties include date mass, volume, dimensions, moisture content, bulk density, flesh thickness, and kernel mass. The elastic properties of date fruit include Young's modulus of elasticity (E), firmness coefficient (FC), bioyield stress (σb), bioyield strain (eb), rupture stress (σr), rupture strain (er) and rupture energy (RE). For different varieties, the results showed that ripening stages have a significant effect on physical and elasticity properties. The values of E, FC,σb, σr and RE were decreased from Khalaal to Rutab stage, while they increased from Rutab to Tamr stage. Accordingly, the maximum heights of packing box were 141, 106, and 121 mm for Talees, Khudari and Taghit respectively.
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