Abstract

A numerical procedure is described for the elastic-plastic finite element analysis of crack propagation with branching. The constraint equations are used to model the closing and opening of the crack. The constraint conditions are imposed by using the penalty method for self-similar crack propagation and the elimination method for off-axis propagation. Multiple constraints are used to determine the contact mode at the crack branching point. Frictional sliding on the contacting crack surfaces under cyclic loads is also considered in the numerical procedure. The method is then applied to (i) self-similar crack growth in a single edge notch specimen, (ii) self-similar propagation followed by interfacial splitting in a center-cracked 0° composite plate and (iii) bifurcation of a crack in a compact tension specimen.

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