Elaboration of modified poly(NiII-DHS) films as electrodes by the electropolymerization of Ni(II)-[5,5′-dihydroxysalen] onto indium tin oxide surface and study of their electrocatalytic behavior toward aliphatic alcohols

Abstract

Nickel(II)-DHS complex was obtained from N,N′-bis(2,5-dihydroxybenzylidene)-1,2-diaminoethane (H2DHS) ligand and nickel acetate tetrahydrated in ethanolic solution with stirring under reflux. This complex, dissolved in an alkaline solution, was oxidized to form electroactive films strongly adhered on the ITO (indium tin oxide) electrode surface. In this alkaline solution, the poly-[NiII-DHS]/ITO films showed the typical voltammetric response of (Ni2+/Ni3+) redox couple centers which are immobilized in the polymer-film. The modified electrodes (MEs) obtained were also characterized by several techniques such as scanning electronic microscopy, atomic force microscopy and electrochemical methods. The electrocatalytic behavior of these MEs toward the oxidation reaction of some aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 2-Methyl-1-propanol and isopropanol was investigated. The voltammograms recorded with these alcohols showed good electrocatalytic efficiency. The electrocatalytic currents were at least 80 times higher than those obtained for the oxidation of methanol on electrodes modified with nickel hydroxide films in alkaline solutions. We noticed that these electrocatalytic currents are proportional to the concentration of methanol (0.050–0.30μM). In contrast, those recorded for the oxidation of other aliphatic short chain alcohols such as ethanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol and isopropanol are rather moderately weaker. In all cases the electrocatalytic currents presented a linear dependence with the concentration of alcohol. These modified electrodes could be applied as alcohol sensors.