El Síndrome de Guillain-Barré en Perú: ¿Dengue y Zika detrás del aumento de casos?

Abstract

In 2023, Peru experienced the largest dengue outbreak in its history, with over 197,000 confirmed cases. Between epidemiological weeks 23 and 27 of that year, there was a peak in cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), just two weeks after the peak of dengue cases. There is previous evidence associating dengue with the development of GBS, suggestingthat the dengue virus may be responsible for many of the current cases. Additionally, there were 31 cases of Zika recorded in Peru in 2023, a neurotropic virus that has also been previously linked to GBS. While there has been speculation in some media about the current GBS outbreak being related to Campylobacter jejuni in chickens, there is no conclusive evidence supporting this claim. It is necessary to conduct in-depth investigations into the presence of dengue and Zika in samples from patients with GBS to understand the potential causal role of these viruses. Studying the relationship between these infectious agents and the development of GBS can enhance prevention and treatment strategies for future epidemiological threats.