Abstract
The Circumpontic metallurgical province represented a system of centres of production of copper, arsenical bronzes and tin bronze artefacts of similar morphology, all closely interrelated. This wide system undoubtedly played a central role in the Old World during more than a millenium and a half (from the middle of the fourth millenium to the beginning of the second millenium B.C.) embracing the cultures of Early and Middle Bronze Ages in the territory of southern half of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Asia Minor and Balkan-Carpathian region. The problem of morphology and the technology of production is studied in the framework of wide relations, the dynamics of development of different cultural and productive systems, the province's rather rapid formation and its fortuitous destruction. Furthermore issues are examined regarding the functional character of metallurgical production inside the boundaries of the province and the obvious decay of the metallurgy in Asia Minor and Near East from the middle of the second millenium B.C.
Highlights
The Circumpontic metallurgical province represented a system of centres of production of copper, arsenical bronzes and tin bronze artefacts of similar morphology, all closely interrelated
The problem of morphology and the technology of production is studied in the framework of wide relatíons, the dynamics of development of different cultural and productive systems, the province's rather rapid formation and its fortuitous destruction
Issues are examined regarding the functional character of metallurgical production inside the boundaries of the province and the obvious decay of the metallurgy in Asia Minor and Near East from the middle of the second millenium B.c
Summary
El patrón etnocultural de las entidades sociales que formaban la PMC era extremadamente fragmentario. Entre los Mares Negro v Caspio estaba limitada por la cordillera del Cáucaso. Hemos identificado dos zonas desiguales: el Cáucaso septentrional que es comparativamente pequeña y el sur de Europa oriental que abarca el territorio más amplio. La primera incluía la región montañosa y las regiones de piedemonte al norte de la Cordillera del Cáucaso con los valles de los nos Kuban y Terek. E"tas son la estepa a lo largo de las costas del Azov \' del Caspio (las áreas de pÍl'demontt.' de la estepa caucásica y la estepa de los cursos inferiores del Don y del Volga); el Mar Negro septentrional .v el área del Azov (principalmente en d territorio ucraniano) v la cuenca Volga-Ural (el Volga superior v medio .v el Ural meridional). Cada una de esas cinco zonas principales v de las tres sub-zonas estaba determinada tanto por su geografía como por la presencia en las mismas de grupos de culturas emparentadas que pueden distinguirse relativamente de las de sus vecmas
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