Abstract
This article studies the political and medical processes in which the World Health Organization emerged and was formally created in 1948 as the main multilateral agency in health linked to the recently created United Nations. These processes begun in 1945 when the United States and the Soviet Union began to work together to defeat the Nazis and ended shortly after the beginning of the Cold War in 1947, namely after the rivalry and competition between Soviet and North-American superpowers that would take place during the second half of the 20th century. The World Health Organization could validate itself in a changing context and left a legacy that today is relevant for contemporary public health.
Highlights
This article studies the political and medical processes in which the World Health Organization emerged and was formally created in 1948 as the main multilateral agency in health linked to the recently created United Nations
Jefe de la delegación norteamericana, fue elegido como presidente del evento, al que asistieron delegados de 51 estados y una serie de observadores sin derecho a voto como representantes de los territorios ocupados por los Aliados (Alemania, Japón y Corea) y de algunas agencias de salud, como la LNHO y la Oficina Sanitaria Panamericana (OSP)
En: Social History of Medicine, año 17, No 1, pp. 77-92
Summary
Este artículo estudia el proceso médico y político de surgimiento de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la principal agencia multilateral de salud, formalmente fundada en 1948 y ligada a la recientemente creada Organización de las Naciones Unidas. Este proceso se inició hacia el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, en 1945, cuando Estados Unidos y la Unión Soviética colaboraron para vencer a los nazis, y culminó poco después del inicio de la Guerra Fría en 1947, es decir, de la rivalidad entre las superpotencias soviética y norteamericana. La OMS pudo legitimarse en este cambiante contexto y dejar un legado que hasta ahora es importante en la salud pública. Palabras clave: Guerra Fría, historia, Organización Mundial de la Salud, salud internacional
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