Abstract
The evaluation of the fungal communities requires the identification of the present species, the quantification of the density of propagules and also the determination of their infectivity. In this study, arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization potential (MCP) was evaluated through an experimental trial. Three soils with different land uses (natural grassland, crop rotation and soybean monoculture in direct seeding) from four sites located in different geographical areas of the Pampas Region (Bengolea, Monte Buey, Pergamino and Viale) were used as inoculum using Vicia villosa Roth. as a control plant. The land uses and geographical areas had an effect on the PCM. Monoculture, as rotation scheme, showed greater potential to colonize the roots of Vicia villosa , with respect to natural grassland and crop rotation in most of the proposed combinations, although in previous work we had found that monoculture reduces the richness of the same mycorrhizal communities determined by density and diversity of spores in these soils. These results suggest the limitations of the paradigms of interpretation of the symbiotic systems generated from trials under controlled conditions and a great lack of knowledge of the functioning of plant-microorganism interactions in the soil. Alternatively, the result could be the consequence of an inhibitory effect of the greater fertility N-P in the soils with crop rotation with respect to the soils under monoculture due to a management of historical replenishment of nutrients by fertilization, absent in the cases of monoculture. The use of a single plant species in infectivity assays could also be biasing the results and limiting the expression thereof, by host specificity, in the entire soil mycorrhizal community. https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.3.0.696
Highlights
Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization potential varies between agricultural practices and the areas of the Pampas region
Three soils with different land uses from four sites located in different geographical areas of the Pampas Region (Bengolea, Monte Buey, Pergamino and Viale) were used as inoculum using Vicia villosa Roth. as a control plant
The land uses and geographical areas had an effect on the potencial de colonización micorrícica (PCM)
Summary
Los cambios en el uso de la tierra serían la principal amenaza para la biodiversidad (Sala et al 2000). Los HMA son afectados por diferentes tipos de usos de la tierra, tales como la fragmentación y los cambios en la estructura de hábitats (Mangan et al 2004; Grilli et al 2014; Soteras et al 2015), la compactación del suelo (Nadian et al 1997), los incendios (Aguilar Fernández et al 2009; Longo et al 2014), el pastoreo (Lugo and Cabello 2002) y las prácticas agrícolas (Jansa et al 2006; Oehl et al 2010; Stürmer and Siqueira 2011; Cofré et al 2017). Se seleccionó a Vicia villosa Roth. (Fabaceae) como especie trampa en los ensayos de PCM ya que se la emplea como cultivo de cobertura por sus importantes funciones (en los agroecosistemas de las regiones templadas del mundo se la utiliza como pastoreo directo, heno, ensilaje, abonos verdes y suplemento proteico) (Renzi 2009)
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