Abstract
Resumen: Se revisa la historia de la neuropsicología aplicada al trabajo con los niños. Diversos autores se han mostrado partidarios de aplicar la neuropsicología a los centros educativos, especialidad que algunos han llamado “neuropsicología escolar”. Desde que inicialmente así se la denominó (Hynd y Obrzut, 1981), han tenido lugar notables avances respecto al campo e identidad profesional de esta especialidad. La obra de Luria continúa teniendo una gran influencia internacional. Luria ha contribuido a la comprensión neuropsicológica del individuo y de la práctica profesional. Como actividad profesional, la neuropsicología escolar se ocupa de la evaluación, diagnóstico e intervención en estudiantes que tienen dificultades en sus aprendizajes y/o muestran trastornos de comportamiento en su centro escolar. En los últimos años se viene recomendando una evaluación neuropsicológica comprehensiva de cara a la intervención en el centro escolar. Existen procedimientos más nuevos de evaluación neuropsicológica infantil, los cuales representan aplicaciones innovadoras del modelo conceptual de Luria. La investigación y avances de los estudios de neuroimagen nos permiten conocer mejor los cambios del cerebro en desarrollo. The Luria’s legacy and school neuropsychology Abstract: This article reviews the history of neuropsychology applied to work with children. Several authors have advocated for the application of neuropsychology to the school centres, a specialty some have called “school neuropsycology”. Since the term was initially introduced (Hynd & Obrzut, 1981), considerable advances have arisen regarding the field and professional identity of this specialty. Luria’work continues to have a strong international influence. Luria has served for neuropsychological understanding of the individual and for the professional practice. As professional activity, the school neuropsychology focuses in assessing, diagnosing, and intervening with students who are experiencing learning difficulties and/or behaviour disorders in academic setting. In recent years, a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment for intervention is recommended within a school setting. Newer neuropsychological assessment procedures for children represent innovative applications of Luria’s conceptual model. Research and advances in neuroimaging allow us to view how the developmental brain changes.
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