Abstract

La política ambiental europea es una de las más completas y coherentes que se han conformado en los últimos años en la consecución de un desarrollo sustentable. El conjunto de instrumentos, normas, estrategias y acciones está orientado a ser efectivo; cuenta con mecanismos de evaluación y corrección, e integra derechos fundamentales, la solidaridad entre regiones y la diversidad del territorio europeo.En este artículo se presenta el proceso que ha seguido desde que se estableció como una política por sí misma, y se exponen los principios que la sitúan en el camino de una gobernanza ambiental global o al menos regional. Se analizan los factores clave para el logro de objetivos ambientales en sistemas jurídicos afines al mexicano, lo que puede servir de referencia para la conformación, instrumentación y evaluación de la política ambiental mexicana (sobre todo se revisan los factores críticos, que se reflejan como debilidades en nuestro sistema). Se revisan modelos o marcos de referencia y actuación ante problemas ambientales similares, sin que ello signifique una transferencia automática de políticas públicas. AbstractEuropean environmental policy is one of the most complete and coherent to have been designed in recent years as regards achieving sustainable development. The set of instruments, norms, strategies and actions is designed to be effective: it has evaluation and correction mechanisms and includes fundamental rights, solidarity between regions and the diversity of European territory.This article describes the process it has followed ever since it was established as a policy in itself and explains the principles that place it on the path towards global or at least regional environmental governance. Key factors are analyzed for achieving environmental objectives in legal systems similar to the Mexican one, which can serve as a reference for the design, implementation and evaluation of Mexican environmental policy (particularly if one reviews the critical factors reflected as weaknesses in the Mexican system). The author reviews the models of frameworks of reference and reaction to similar environmental problems, although this does not mean an automatic transfer of public policies.

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