Abstract
Se describe la empuñadura de karabela como una empuñadura con una guarnición de cruz y un pomo en forma de una cabeza estilizada de un pájaro con más frecuencia similar a un halcón. Se montaba este tipo de empuñadura con largas hojas de sable de caballería. En general se montaba las empuñaduras de karabela con con diferentes tipos de hojas, a menudo con una forma de la hoja curvada de un shamshir persa clásico. Las karabelas más antiguas (de origen turco o basado en modelos turcos) que se conservan en los museos de Polonia, generalmente tienen hojas con un contrafilo llamado yelman. El llamado `sable de halcón` es cercanamente asociado con karabela con su característica principal, una forma característica de un pomo curvo parecido a la cabeza de un halcón y una guarnición de cruz. El principal objetivo del presente artículo es hacer un estudio comparativo sobre las diferentes fuentes sobre los sables y espadas con empuñadura karabela y tratar de establecer un origen de este tipo de empuñadura.
Highlights
The origins of the historical term karabela and the appearance of this morphological type in European context have many times become the subject of heated discussions among specialists
Karabelas were mounted with different types of blades, often those of a wedged-shape, curved blade of a classical Persian shamshir
The main feature of the socalledsaber of hawk, a characteristic form of a curved pommel resembling the head of a hawk and a cross guard, is closely associated with karabela
Summary
The origins of the historical term karabela and the appearance of this morphological type (in its modern interpretation) in European context have many times become the subject of heated discussions among specialists. The main polemics among scholars took place concerning the definition of this type of weapon and possible centers of its origin. It turns out that establishing a hypothesis for resolving this issue is not scientifically founded: sometimes, starting from the history of the name, the scholars gradually come to the search of a single center responsible for the dissemination of this type of weapon in Asia Minor or Central and Eastern Europe. Sometimes in their conclusions the scholars go even further, connecting the circumstances of origin of the name of this type of saber with its morphological peculiarities. They do so by substituting historical argumentation with polemic etymological hypotheses
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