Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost' i ekonomicheskaya rentabel'nost' ob"yekta rekreatsii v sisteme bereg – more

Abstract

A model of ecological safety of a recreation object has been developed that allows linking the volume and quality of recreational services with the risk of contamination of the marine environment by the by-products of the recreation process and in particular, by the waste water of the facility. The model combined the economic system of profit-making and the ecological system of control over the ecological state of coastal marine environment through management of an ecological safety resource. As an ecological safety resource, the value of risk of infecting a vacationer with various diseases associated with specific types of pollution has been considered. It is assumed that this risk is proportional to the rate of increase in the concentration of pollution entering the marine environment during delivery of services, and inversely proportional to the rate of decrease in this concentration due to self-cleaning of the environment and/or environmental measures. An increase in the concentration of pollution compared to the stationary (background) value meant the consumption of an environmental resource and a corresponding increase in the risk of infection of vacationers. The model is based on the concept of an environmentally safe stationary state of the marine ecosystem, in which these rates are equal and the risk of infection of vacationers with bacterial, viral and other types of infection is absent. The volume of production of recreational services depended on the value of the ecological safety index, which determined the integral speed balance. This index was equal to one when the risk of infection was absent and exponentially decreased with the growth of this imbalance. Thus, the size of the risk of infection of the object's ecosystem depended on the intensity of its work. The equations of the model are constructed by the method of adaptive balance of causes, which include logical control agents that make local decisions. In computational experiments on the example of Sevastopol Bay, scenarios for the volume of recreational services, the level of marine pollution, penalties for pollution, and integral volumes of consumption and reproduction of an environmental resource are constructed. The conclusion is made about the usefulness of such models for monitoring the level of environmental safety of a recreation facility.