Eğitim Yönetiminde Kariyerin Önemi ve Kariyer Basamaklarının Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Career means the position that an individual obtains by progressing in the same profession in public or private working life, taking responsibility with more rewards, continuing his working life in a wide time and progressing in that job. People specialize in this field by developing in the concept of a career that has both an organizational and individual dimension. While organizations are obliged to support employees in development and ensure that they serve in accordance with the purpose of the organization, the individual is also obliged to serve organizational goals by developing his career and ensuring effectiveness in the organization. An individual acquires a different role in society with a career, aims to use his/her full potential effectively by completing his/her personal development by ensuring his/her development. In post-republican Turkey, the restructuring of central and provincial organizations is considered one of the first educational initiatives with the Tevhid-i Tedrisat Law. Then, although suggestions were made by John Dewey about training an education manager, concrete steps could not be taken in the field. After the training of educators was provided through village institutes, the first faculty of education management was opened at Ankara University in 1965. In its follow-up, different university departments were opened in this field and the needs of the field were answered. Subsequently, education management programs at the undergraduate level were closed by the Council of Higher Education and education at the master's and doctoral levels began. Today, the training of education managers is carried out by in-service training method. School principals have assumed new responsibilities and roles as a result of the developments and changes in today's educational structure. Environmental factors as well as individual factors have an impact on a manager's leadership model preference. In order for the effectiveness of school principals to increase and for them to realize themselves, their current characteristics at the career stage should be taken into account. However, thanks to this, a suitable climate will be provided at the school and success, which is the main goal, will be achieved. The capacity and abilities of school principals affect the management and leadership model they have. School management, which is an organization at the highest level of schools, has become an issue that has been focused on with sensitivity in recent years, especially due to the fact that it is a key element of education that shapes society. Educational leadership, which has to accommodate its own unique leadership, differs from other formal leadership. The structure of the school should constantly change in order to keep up with the conditions of today's world. In this process of change, there is also a need for change in the leadership standards and competencies of managers. Schools have been affected by factors such as transparency, accountability, increasing competition in environmental changes, have revealed leadership concepts in new conditions and structural changes in roles have occurred. The leaders in education are schools and their administrators. The main tasks of school administrators are to ensure that the school achieves its goals by leading the school and its employees. Guiding, sharing responsibility, providing an appropriate educational environment and creating educational transformations, motivating all stakeholders are among the duties of the school leader. As a result of the leadership behaviors shown by the school administrator, the school is evaluated as effective or ineffective. The goals should be adopted by school employees and students, the external environment should be managed well. Key Words: Education Management, Career, Career Steps