Abstract
Compartmentalization is a unifying principle of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and necessitates specific protein delivery systems that transport proteins from their site of synthesis in the cytosol to their sites of function. Bacteria use a large variety of protein delivery systems in parallel to transport proteins to the cell envelope and into the extracellular environment. The universally conserved Sec translocon and the YidC insertase constitute the two main transport systems in the cytoplasmic membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
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