Abstract
Prescription eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) reduced cardiovascular events by 25% in the REDUCE-IT study population, including in patients with diabetes and other risk factors. Under conditions of high glucose, membrane cholesterol forms separate domains that precipitate toxic crystals that contribute to plaque instability. Formation of cholesterol domains with high glucose is causatively related to oxidative stress. EPA is an omega-3 fatty acid (O3FA) that incorporates into membrane phospholipids where it may inhibit cholesterol domains due to potent antioxidant properties compared to other O3FAs, including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosatriaenoic acid (ETE) and α-linoleic acid (ALA).
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