Abstract
BackgroundThe study aimed to examine the relationship between levels of serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA), as well as EPA/AA ratio and weight loss during hospitalization in participants considered to be overweight, with type 2 diabetes.MethodsThe study participants included 142 patients who were hospitalized for treatment of type 2 diabetes. We divided the participants into two groups depending on the achievenemt in reduction of bodyweight 3% or more during hospitalization and examined the relationship between serum levels of EPA and AA, as well as ratio of EPA/AA on admission and effectiveness of weight loss under strict dietary therapy during hospitalization, using Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsAfter adjustment was made for several confounders, the hazard ratio of effective weight loss for logarithmical serum EPA was 1.59 (95% CI 1.02–2.49, P = 0.04) and for logarithmical EPA/AA ratio 1.64 (1.03–2.61, P = 0.04), whereas the hazard ratio for effective weight loss for logarithmical serum AA was 1.11 (0.45–2.78, P = 0.82). In addition, after dividing EPA/AA ratio and serum EPA into quartiles based on participant number, the hazard ratio for the highest quartile of EPA/AA ratio was 2.33 (1.14–4.77, P = 0.02), and for the highest quartile of serum EPA 1.60 (0.80–3.19, P = 0.18) compared with the lowest quartile.ConclusionThese results suggest the possibility that EPA is involved in bodyweight change under a caloric-restriction regimen. In addition, EPA/AA ratio was found to be a better predictor of medical intervention for weight loss among overweight patients with type 2 diabetes, compared with serum EPA level.
Highlights
The study aimed to examine the relationship between levels of serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA), as well as EPA/AA ratio and weight loss during hospitalization in participants considered to be overweight, with type 2 diabetes
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing chronic morbidities, which constitute the major components of metabolic syndrome
As possible confounding factors contributing to change of weight loss during hospitalization, the following were used: duration of diabetes, medication for hypertension and/or dyslipidemia and Body mass index (BMI) on admission, using sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues, and caloric intake during hospitalization
Summary
The study aimed to examine the relationship between levels of serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA), as well as EPA/AA ratio and weight loss during hospitalization in participants considered to be overweight, with type 2 diabetes. Obesity is a metabolic disorder whose prevalence has been increasing dramatically in most developed countries over the last 30 years. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing chronic morbidities (hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia), which constitute the major components of metabolic syndrome. For treatment of type 2 diabetes, intensive bodyweight management based on strict dietary therapy is an important strategy, with remission of the disease a conceivable outcome [2]. Against these circumstances, the 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guidelines recommend sustained weight loss of more than 3%, because that level would likely result in clinically meaningful reductions in blood glucose and HbA1c [3]. In Japanese overweight and obese subjects, weight reduction of at least 1–3% was reported to improve HbA1c level [4]
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