Eggshell Based Nano-Engineered Hydroxyapatite and Poly(lactic) Acid Electrospun Fibers as Potential Tissue Scaffold.

Vitus A Apalangya,Shaik Jeelani,Temesgen Samuel,Boniface J Tiimob,Vijaya K Rangari

doi:10.1155/2019/6762575

Vitus A Apalangya, Shaik Jeelani + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6762575

Copy DOI

Abstract

Nanocomposite electrospun fibers were fabricated from poly(lactic) acid (PLA) and needle-like hydroxyapatite nanoparticles made from eggshells. The X-ray diffraction spectrum and the scanning electron micrograph showed that the hydroxyapatite particles are highly crystalline and are needle-liked in shape with diameters between 10 and 20 nm and lengths ranging from 100 to 200 nm. The microstructural, thermal, and mechanical properties of the electrospun fibers were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile testing techniques. The SEM study showed that both pristine and PLA/EnHA fibers surfaces exhibited numerous pores and rough edges suitable for cell attachment. The presence of the rod-liked EnHA particles was found to increase thermal and mechanical properties of PLA fibers relative to pristine PLA fibers. The confocal optical images showed that osteoblast cells were found to attach on dense pristine PLA and PLA/HA-10 wt% fibers after 48 hours of incubation. The stained confocal optical images indicated the secretion of cytoplasmic extension linking adjoining nuclei after 96 hours of incubation. These findings showed that eggshell based nanohydroxyapatite and poly(lactic acid) fibers could be potential scaffold for tissue regeneration.

Highlights

Hydroxyapatite (HA), like other calcium phosphate bioceramics, has demonstrated immense bone integration and ingrowth capabilities [[1,2,3,4,5,6]
The objective of this study is to investigate how needleliked or rod-liked hydroxyapatite nanoparticles made from eggshells affect the mechanical, thermal, and morphological as well as tissue supporting potential of poly(lactic) acid electrospun fibers
The sample peaks indicated a perfect match of the synthesized Eggshell Nanohydroxyapatite (EnHA) with the JCPDF card number 72-1243

Summary

Introduction

Hydroxyapatite (HA), like other calcium phosphate bioceramics, has demonstrated immense bone integration and ingrowth capabilities [[1,2,3,4,5,6]. HA is nontoxic and biodegradable and adsorbs onto surfaces of bioactive molecules. These characteristics make it useful for both tissue engineering (TE) and drug delivery applications [2, 7]. Due to the inherent brittle nature of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, they are usually incorporated into polymeric nanocomposites to ensure easy processing [8, 9]. The porous surfaces of fibers are amenable to carrying bioactive and growth factors which promote speedy tissue formation and integration when they are incorporated with HA nanoparticles [13]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion