Abstract
The interaction of cowpea with atmospheric N fixing bacteria can increase productivity and reduce production costs. In this study, it was evaluated in the field, the agronomic efficiency, through the accumulation of biomass of shoot, root, number and biomass of nodules, relative efficiency and productivity of three cultivars of cowpea (BRS New Era, BRS vibrant and Vinegar), in independent experiments, inoculated with five strains of rhizobia, BR 3302 (UFLA 3-84), BR 3301 (INPA 03-11B), BR 3262, BR 3299 and BR 3267, two controls, control and fertilized with nitrogen (50 kg of N ha -1 ) for each experiment, in blocks. For each cultivar the response of each strain inoculated varied within traits. However, strain BR 3302 showed a constant on the characteristics of biomass and productivity assessed, to cultivar Nova Era in Experiment 1, with values near the fertilized soil. For the cultivars Pujante and Vinagre, in experiments 2 and 3, respectively, were also observed satisfactory results with the inoculation of strain BR 3302, with productivity about 22 and 11% higher than the treatment fertilized with nitrogen in each experiment, however, did not differ on the other strains inoculated. The mean of three independent experiments, were observed grain yields of cowpea of 743 and 826 kg ha -1 for the treatments with nitrogen and the treatment inoculated with strain BR 3302, respectively. Thus, strain BR 3302 provided the best results for the three cultivars of cowpea.
Highlights
The interaction of cowpea with atmospheric N fixing bacteria can increase productivity and reduce production costs
Para as cultivares Pujante e Vinagre, nos experimentos 2 e 3, respectivamente, também foram observados resultados satisfatórios com a inoculação da estirpe BR 3302, com produtividade cerca de 22 e 11% superiores ao tratamento adubado de cada experimento
O potencial em fixar nitrogênio das estirpes recomendadas foi de fundamental importância para a produção de biomassa, o que pode estar relacionado com a efetiva capacidade de fornecimento de nitrogênio pelas estirpes testadas, demonstrado pela correlação positiva encontrada enre a eficiência relativa e a produção de massa seca da parte aérea para as cultivares Nova Era (r = 0,78), Pujante (r = 0,89) e Vinagre (r = 0,88), em seus respectivos experimentos
Summary
The interaction of cowpea with atmospheric N fixing bacteria can increase productivity and reduce production costs. Os resultados apresentados na Tabela 1 mostram, no experimento 1, com a cultivar Nova Era, que não ocorreram diferenças entre os tratamentos inoculados com as estirpes BR 3302, BR 3301, BR 3262 e o tratamento adubado com N (uréia) para MSPA e MST, sendo superiores (p < 0,001) às estirpes BR 3299 e BR 3267.
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