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Abstract
Gestational Diabetes is characterized by different degrees of glucose intolerance that produce a series of fetal and perinatal alterations. During many years, in those cases of gestational diabetes that did not respond to nutritional interventions, the use of insulin was a proven treatment to achieve metabolic control and thus a better perinatal outcome. At present, some new oral hypoglycemic drugs, from the family of sulfonylureas and biguanides, have been shown to be safe, of low cost, and apparently effective in the metabolic control of this disease. We review the publications that propose the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs for the metabolic control of gestational diabetes that does not respond to nutritional measures.
Highlights
Gestational Diabetes is characterized by different degrees of glucose intolerance that produce a series of fetal and perinatal alterations
Pilares diagnósticos sugeridos en la Cuarta Jornada Internacional de Grupo de Trabajo en Diabetes Gestacional, adoptados por el Colegio Americano de Obstetricia y Ginecología y basados en los criterios de Carpenter y Constan[3]
Basado en que se ha demostrado que la diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 comparten una fisiopatología similar, con aumento de la resistencia a la insulina, mal control de la gluconeogénesis hepática y una respuesta de células beta pancreática disminuida[33], es posible plantear que glibenclamida o metformina serían una terapia segura, efectiva, de bajo costo y de fácil uso ambulatorio en gestantes con DMG que no respondan a régimen dietético, necesitándose aún estudios clínicos metodológicamente bien estructurados que respondan definitivamente el rol que juegan estos hipoglicemiantes en el control metabólico de las pacientes diabéticas gestacionales que no responden a régimen nutricional
Summary
Gestational Diabetes is characterized by different degrees of glucose intolerance that produce a series of fetal and perinatal alterations.
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