Efficient Shading Device as an Important Part of Daylightophil Architecture; a Designerly Framework of High-Performance Architecture for an Office Building in Tehran

Hassan Bazazzadeh,Barbara Świt-Jankowska,Seyedeh Sara Hashemi Safaei,Behnaz Safar Ali Najar,Adam Nadolny,Nasim Fazeli,Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad

doi:10.3390/en14248272

Hassan Bazazzadeh, Barbara Świt-Jankowska + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248272

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Abstract

(1) Background: considering multiple, and somehow conflicting, design objectives can potentially make achieving a high-performance design a complex task to perform. For instance, shading devices can dramatically affect the building performance in various ways, such as energy consumption and daylight. This paper introduces a novel procedure for designing shading devices as an integral part of daylightophil architecture for office buildings by considering daylight and energy performance as objectives to be optimal. (2) Methods: to address the topic, a three-step research method was used. Firstly, three different window shades (fixed and dynamic) were modeled, one of which was inspired by traditional Iranian structures, as the main options for evaluation. Secondly, each option was evaluated for energy performance and daylight-related variables in critical days throughout the year in terms of climatic conditions and daylight situations (equinoxes and solstices including 20 March, 21 June, 22 September, and 21 December). Finally, to achieve a reliable result, apart from the results of the comparison of three options, all possible options for fixed and dynamic shades were analyzed through a multi-objective optimization to compare fixed and dynamic options and to find the optimal condition for dynamic options at different times of the day. (3) Results: through different stages of analysis, the findings suggest that, firstly, dynamic shading devices are more efficient than fixed shading devices in terms of energy efficiency, occupants’ visual comfort, and efficient use of daylight (roughly 10%). Moreover, through analyzing dynamic shading devices in different seasons and different times of the year, the optimal form of this shading device was determined. The results indicate that considering proper shading devices can have a significant improvement on achieving high-performance architecture in office buildings. This implies good potential for daylightophil architecture, but would require further studies to be confirmed as a principle for designing office buildings.

Highlights

Space heating in the European Union accounts for 60% of energy demand and 80% of direct CO2 emissions in the building sector [2]
The results revealed that simple metrics, such as Eh-room and Eh-task, outperformed more complex evaluation metrics, such as Daylight Autonomy (DA), when studying visual comfort
To optimize the shading device, this study proposes a framework for the evaluation of Daylight Autonomy (DA) and Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI), Daylight Glare Index (DGI), Daylight Glare Probability (DGP), energy consumption, and, En‐

Summary

Introduction

As a renewable and permanent source, has positive effects on building occupants, including psychological, mental, and physiological. The dynamic nature of daylight can cause issues such as heat gain and visual discomfort, which need to be controlled in real-time operation [1]. In 2020, even while economies bent under the weight of COVID-19 lockdowns, renewable sources of energy continued to grow rapidly, and electric vehicles set new sales records. Space heating in the European Union accounts for 60% of energy demand and 80% of direct CO2 emissions in the building sector [2]. Global energy consumption growth declined by 4% in 2020, in the context of the global pandemic, contrasting with an average 2%/year over the 2000–2018 period and a 0.8% slowdown in 2019 [3]. In the European Union (EU), they can potentially reduce the EU’s total energy consumption by

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Conclusion