Efficient Sequential and Parallel Algorithms for Incremental Record Linkage

Abstract

Given a collection of records, the problem of record linkage is to cluster them such that each cluster contains all the records of one and only one individual. Existing algorithms for this important problem have large run times especially when the number of records is large. Often, a small number of new records have to be linked with a large number of existing records. Linking the old and new records together might call for large run times. We refer to any algorithm that efficiently links the new records with the existing ones as incremental record linkage (IRL) algorithms and in this paper, we offer novel IRL algorithms. Clustering is the basic approach we employ. Our algorithms use a novel random sampling technique to compute the distance between a new record and any cluster and associate the new record with the cluster with which it has the least distance. The idea is to compute the distance between the new record and only a random subset of the cluster records. We can use a sampling lemma to show that this computation is very accurate. We have developed both sequential and parallel implementations of our algorithms. They outperform the best-known prior algorithm (called RLA). For example, one of our algorithms takes 71.22 s to link 100,000 records with a database of 1,000,000 records. In comparison, the current best algorithm takes 140.91 s to link 1,100,000 records. We achieve a very nearly linear speedup in parallel. E.g., we obtain a speedup of 28.28 with 32 cores. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose parallel IRL algorithms. Our algorithms offer state-of-the-art solutions to the IRL problem.